1. About one-third to one-half of the exam will be comprehensive. Questions for the comprehensive portion of the exam will come from previous exams and on-line quizzes, so students can study for that part of the final by reviewing earlier exams and quizzes.
2. Be able to identify or define the following terms (as well as the terms in the glossaries in Educator): pneumatology; filioque; justification; sanctification; vocation; sola gratia; sola fide; agape; metanoia; ecclesiology; ecclesia; ecclesia reformata semper refomanda; sacrament; the seven sacraments of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches; transubstantiation; consubstantiation; eschatology; parousia; Maranantha; beatific vision.
3. According to Migliore, why is there renewed interest in the Holy Spirit? What is meant by the "missions of the Son and the Holy Spirit"? What is meant by the "processions of the Son and the Holy Spirit"? What is significant about the "filioque" clause in the western version of the Nicene Creed? What difference does it make if it is in the creed or not?
4. What are the three most important gifts of the Holy Spirit? What other gifts are mentioned in the Bible? What does it mean to say these gifts are "firstfruits" of the Spirit? What is important about the female imagery associated with the Spirit?
5. What are the objective and subjective sides of justification? What is meant by justification by grace through faith? What is sanctification and how is it related to justification? According to Migliore, what are the five marks of growth in sanctification? Be able to explain them.
6. What is a vocation? Why does Migliore say it is not a privilege as much as it is a responsibility?
7. According to Migliore, what are four problems that have called the church into question in modern America? What are four New Testament images of the church discussed by Migliore? What are the four current models of the church discussed by Migliore? Be able to explain them.
8. How does Migliore explain the nature of preaching (ministry of the Word)?
9. Of the seven sacraments accepted by Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Christians, which ones do Protestants usually accept? What does Migliore mean when he says there is a tension between an objective emphasis and a subjective emphasis in understanding the nature of the sacraments?
10. According to Migliore, what is the theological authorization of the sacrament of Baptism? What images are associated with Baptism? What is at issue in the debate over infant baptism? What arguments does Migliore give in favor of infant baptism? Do you agree or disagree and why?
11. Be able to explain the four ways that the nature of the presence of Christ in the Eucharist has been understood. Which of those ways is closest to your own view and why?
12. According to Luther, all persons are ministers by virtue of the "priesthood of all believers." Migliore says that while all are called to ministry, some are called to ordained ministry. He argues that ordained ministry is inclusive of all who have been gifted by the Spirit, including women. Do you agree or disagree and why?
13. What are the problems with the views of hope associated with the Enlightenment, Marxism, and Fundamentalistic Apocalypticism, according to Migliore? Do you agree or disagree with him and why?
14. What is eschatology? How does Migliore understand the four classical eschatological symbols? Migliore makes the point several times that modern Christians tend to interpret eschatology too narrowly as personal survival after death. What are some of the reasons he comes to that view? Do you agree with him, why or why not?